Alternative Energy Resources Utility And Limitations
Increasing demand for energy worldwide and depletion of natural resources has compelled countries to look for energy from alternative sources. There are various benefits as well as limitations of using these alternative sources for energy.
Usually the prime benefit of renewable energy is – it produces little or no waste products that pollute our environment. Hailed as clean and green energy, this type of sustainable energy is not only eco-friendly but an economical choice in many regions. However, it is difficult to generate huge amount of renewable energy. Reliability on weather conditions and economies of scale are main constraints for such large scale production. Cost of infrastructure and start-up cost is also greater than conventional energy production.
Let us have a look at the benefits and drawbacks of different sources of alternative energy.
Solar Energy
This has emerged as popular choice among renewable energy sources. Sun is the greatest source of energy and it is free of cost. Energy from the sun is converted to electrical energy with the help of solar panels. This can provide energy in remote areas, where there is ample sunlight throughout the year but transmission of conventional energy is not viable or possible on logistic grounds. High cost of installation and dependence on weather conditions are main drawbacks.
Wind Energy
This has the capacity to supply at least 20 percent of total energy consumption in future. There is no problem of harmful waste products while converting wind energy to electricity. However, not all places are suitable for installing and using wind energy. Coast lines and high altitudes are most suitable places for optimum availability of this type of energy. Large land area is required for setting up of sufficient windmills, to obtain enough energy. This is major obstacle for many potential users.
Biomass Energy
This is generated from natural products, grains and animal waste. It is primarily used to optimize use of waste products for generation of small amount of energy. Energy requirements supplied by gasoline may be replaced by energy from biomass.
Hydroelectricity
Potential energy of water falling from a height and tidal forces of water may be utilized for moving a turbine to generate electricity. Low maintenance and overhead costs and clean energy are prime benefits. However, there may be environmental concerns like inundation of cache area are destruction of local flora and fauna. Capital required for setting up such projects is also very high.
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Which large-scale generation technologies will be the first to achieve widespread adoption and displace fossil fuels?